Proper citation quotation and referencing using

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APA Quote Citation | APA Format

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MLA Modern Language Association style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities.

The in-text citation is a brief reference within your text that indicates the source you consulted. It should properly attribute any ideas, paraphrases, or direct quotations to your source, and should direct readers to the entry in the list of works cited. To indicate short quotations (four typed lines or fewer of prose or three lines of verse) in your text, enclose the quotation within double quotation marks. Provide the author and specific page citation (in the case of verse, provide line numbers) in the text, and include a complete reference . PROPER CITATION, QUOTATION AND REFERENCING Once the student has reputable sources, and is developing the topic for the paper, it is time to think about the sources themselves. When students are using citations in a paper, it is crucial to give credit to the author.

This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook 8th ed. When you directly quote the works of others in your paper, you will format quotations differently depending on their length. Below are some basic guidelines for incorporating quotations into your paper. Please note that all pages in MLA should be double-spaced.

Short quotations To indicate short quotations four typed lines or fewer of prose or three lines of verse in your text, enclose the quotation within double quotation marks. Provide the author and specific page citation in the case of verse, provide line numbers in the text, and include a complete reference on the Works Cited page.

Punctuation marks such as periods, commas, and semicolons should appear after the parenthetical citation.

Proper citation quotation and referencing using marks and exclamation points should appear within the quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted passage but after the parenthetical citation if they are a part of your text.

For example, when quoting short passages of prose, use the following examples: According to some, dreams express "profound aspects of personality" Foulkesthough others disagree. Is it possible that dreams may express "profound aspects of personality" Foulkes ?

Long quotations For quotations that are more than four lines of prose or three lines of verse, place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit quotation marks. Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks.

You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay. For example, when citing more than four lines of prose, use the following examples: Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow.

By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. Bronte 78 When citing long sections more than three lines of poetry, keep formatting as close to the original as possible.

The whiskey on your breath Could make a small boy dizzy; But I hung on like death: Such waltzing was not easy. In "American Origins of the Writing-across-the-Curriculum Movement," David Russell argues, Writing has been an issue in American secondary and higher education since papers and examinations came into wide use in the s, eventually driving out formal recitation and oral examination.

From its birth in the late nineteenth century, progressive education has wrestled with the conflict within industrial society between pressure to increase specialization of knowledge and of professional work upholding disciplinary standards and pressure to integrate more fully an ever-widerning number of citizens into intellectually meaningful activity within mass society promoting social equity.

Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states, "some individuals [who retell urban legends] make a point of learning every rumor or tale" If you omit a word or words from a quotation, you should indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipsis marks, which are three periods.

In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale. Please note that brackets are not needed around ellipses unless adding brackets would clarify your use of ellipses.

When omitting words from poetry quotations, use a standard three-period ellipses; however, when omitting one or more full lines of poetry, space several periods to about the length of a complete line in the poem:of citation, quotation and referencing using the Publication Manual of the APA.

When students use citations incorrectly, they are running the risk that they are plagiarizing the author of the text. The final period or comma goes inside the quotation marks, even if it is not a part of the quoted material, unless the quotation is followed by a citation.

If a citation in parentheses follows the quotation, the period follows the citation. The in-text citation is a brief reference within your text that indicates the source you consulted. It should properly attribute any ideas, paraphrases, or direct quotations to your source, and should direct readers to the entry in the list of works cited.

Each of these examples properly cites the direct quotation, but I've varied the placement of the citation information. By changing the order of information in the sentence, I can choose what information to emphasize. I hope these examples begin to demonstrate . APA Quote Citation If you include direct quotations in your paper, there is a certain formatting for the in-text citation that you have follow based on the American Psychological Association (APA) citation system, which will be our focus in this article.

proper citation, quotation and referencing Once the student has reputable sources, and is developing the topic for the paper, it is time to think about the sources themselves.